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Iemitsu Tokugawa
Iemitsu Tokugawa (1604-51) became shogun in 1623, when his father retired. He strengthened the shogunate by further reducing the little power left to the emperor. He also expelled or executed the few remaining Christians. He closed the country to all commerce except through the city of Nagasaki, and it remained closed until Commodore Matthew C. Perry arrived with a force of American ships in 1853.